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Dr. George C. Banks

Education

  • B.A. in Psychology; Government, College of William and Mary (2006)
  • M.A. in Industrial/Organizational Psychology, University of New Haven (2008)
  • Ph.D. Management, Virginia Commonwealth University (2012)

Appointments

Research and teaching interests:

  • Leadership and inclusion
  • Ethics
  • Strategic human resource management
  • Research methods and statistics (e.g., meta-analysis, open science, data science)

Highlights:

  • External grant funding since 2019: $2,569,912
  • Major gifts to Center for Leadership Science since July 1, 2023: $1.1 million
  • Google Scholar Citations in 2023: 2,268
  • Publications: More than 80 publications, including journal articles in top-tier outlets, such as Science, Nature Human Behavior, Psychological Bulletin, Journal of Management, and Academy of Management Journal.
  • Major awards:
    • Winner of Charlotte Business Journal’s 2022 40 under 40 Award
    • Recipient of the 2017 Sage Publications/CARMA Early Career Award from the Research Methods Division of the Academy of Management.
    • Academy of Management Journal: 1 of 4 2016 Best Paper Award Nominees
    • The Leadership Quarterly/Center for Creative Leadership 2021 Best Paper
    • The Leadership Quarterly/Center for Creative Leadership: 1st runner up for 2018 Best Paper
    • The Leadership Quarterly/Center for Creative Leadership: 1st runner up for 2017 Best Paper
    • The Leadership Quarterly/Center for Creative Leadership 2016 Best Paper
  • Media attention: Featured work in popular media outlets, such as Psychology Today, the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, The Guardian, as well as National Public Radio (NPR).
  • Editorial boards: Currently serves as a the Editor-in-Chief at The Leadership Quarterly, special issue editor at Organizational Research Methods and is currently on the editorial boards at Organizational Research Methods and Journal of Business and Psychology (former boards include Journal of Management and Human Resource Management Review).
  • Consulting: Consultant for HRinterax, Inc. (Shelton, CT) and Human Technology, Inc. (McLean, VA). Provided services for diverse clients, such as the Missile Defense Agency, the Forest Service, the Transportation Security Administration, the Patent and Trade Office, as well as the Foreign Agriculture Service.

Publications by year

preprints

  • Yavorsky, J. E., Banks, G. C., McGonagle, A. (preprint).What men can do to reduce gender inequality in science, medicine, and global health: Small wins and organizational change. OSF Preprints: doi: 10.31219/osf.io/pjtuy
  • Banks, G. C., Foy, D., Boyoung, K., Korman, J., Makel, M., Schrodt, P., & Thapa, S. (preprint). The meta machine: Using automation to catalyze leaps forward in meta-analytic reviews. OSF Preprints. doi: 10.31219/osf.io/932qp

2024

82. Amari, P., Banks, G.C., Bourque, L., Holladay-Sanddidge, H., O’Boyle, E.H., (in press). Effect size benchmarks: Time for a causal renaissance. The Leadership Quarterly.

81. Wang, P., Loignon, A.C., Shrestha, S., Banks, G.C., Oswald, F.L. (in press). Advancing organizational science through synthetic data: A path to enhanced data sharing and collaboration. Journal of Business and Psychology.

80. Ross, R. L., Heggestad, E. D., Toth, A. A., Banks, G. C. (in press). Trimming the fat: Identifying 15 underlying concepts from 26 in the social skills domain. Journal of Organizational Behavior.

79. Holladay-Sandidge, H. D., Rasmussen, L., McBride, A., Demeter, E., Banks, G.C., Hall-Hertel, K. (2024). Designing engaging content on academic authorship for graduate students. Teaching Ethics, 23, 241-270.

78. Williams, C.E., Shumski, J., Bennett, A.A., Banks, G. C., Toth, A.A., Dunn, A.M., McBride, A., & Gooty, J. (2024). The role of discrete emotions in job satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 45 ,97-116.

77. McBride, A., Howell, L., Gooty, J., Banks, G. C. (2024). Seeing with counterfactual lenses: Alternative assumptions at the intersection of leadership and identity. The Leadership Quarterly, 35, 101769.

76. Gerpott, F., Briker, R., & Banks, G. C. (2024). New ways of seeing: Four ways you have not thought of registered reports yet. The Leadership Quarterly, 35, 101783.

2023

75. Banks, G. C. & Aguinis, H. (2023). Improving management theory and policymaking through innovative methods and data. Academy of Management Perspectives, 37, 335-350.

74. Stock, G., †Banks, G. C., †Voss, N., Woznjy, H., & Tonidandel, S. (2023). Putting leader (follower) behavior back into transformational leadership: A theoretical and empirical course correction. The Leadership Quarterly. 101632. †indicates equal contributor.

73. Banks, G.C., Woznjy, H., Mansfield, C. (2023). Where is “behavior” in organizational behavior? A call for a revolution in leadership research and beyond. The Leadership Quarterly. 101581.

72. Gooty, J., Banks, G. C., McBride, A., & van Knippenberg, D. (2023). Is authenticity a “true self,” multiple selves, behavior, evaluation, or a hot mess? Response to Helmuth et al. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2752

71. Rasmussen, L., Banks, G. C., Demeter, E., Holladay-Sandidge, McBride, A., Hall-Hertel, K., Tonidandel, S. (2023). Authorship agreements benefit researchers and culture. Nature Human Behavior.

70. Banks, G.C., Gerpott, F.H., Loignon, A.C., & McDermott, R. (2023). Qualitative methods in leadership research: Toward open science and counterfactual designs. The Leadership Quarterly.

69. Burnette, J. L., Billingsley, J., Banks, G. C., Knouse, L., E., Hoyt, C.L., Pollack, J. M., & Simon, S. (2023). A systematic review and meta-analysis of growth mindset interventions: For whom, how, and why might such interventions work? Psychological Bulletin, 149, 174-205.

68. Banks, G.C. (2023). Eight puzzles of leadership science. The Leadership Quarterly, 34, 101710.

67. Whelpley, C. W., Holladay, H., Woznjy, H., Banks, G.C. (2023).The biopsychosocial model and neurodiversity: A person-centered approach. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 16, 25-30.

66. Banks, G. C., Ross, R., Toth, A. A., Tonidandel, S., Mahdavi Goloujeh, A. Dou, W., & Wesslan, R. (2023). The triangulation of ethical leadership behaviors using qualitative, experimental, and data science methods. The Leadership Quarterly, 34, 101658.

65. Wulff, J. N., Sajons, G. B., Pogrebna, G., Lonati, S., Bastardoz, N., Banks, G. C., & Antonakis, J. (2023). Common methodological mistakes. The Leadership Quarterly, 34, 101677.

64. Heggestad, E.D., Voss, E.N., Ross, R., Toth, A.A., Banks, G.C., Canevello, A. (2023). Two meanings of “social skills”: Proposing an integrative social skills framework. Group and Organization Management, 48, 361-404.

2022

63. Castille, C. M., Kreamer, L. M., Albritton, B. H., Banks, G.C., & Rogelberg, S. G. (2022). The open science challenge: Adopt one practice that enacts widely shared values. Journal of Business and Psychology, 37, 459-467.

62. Ernst, B., Banks, G. C., Loignon, A. C., Frear, K. A., Williams, C. E., Arciniega, L. M., Gupta, R. K., Kodydek, G., Subramanian, D. (2022). Investigating charismatic leadership and signaling theory: A prospective meta-analysis in five countries. The Leadership Quarterly, 33, 101541.

61. Sargent, A., Shanock, L., Banks, G.C., Yavorsky, J. (2022). Theorizing gender-related predictors of family-supportive supervisor behaviors. Human Resource Management Review, 32,10088.

60. Banks, G. C., Dionne, S. D., Mast, M. S., & Sayama, H. (2022). Leadership in the digital era: A review of who, what, when, where, and why. The Leadership Quarterly, 33, 101364.

59. Banks, G. C., Knapp, D., Lin, L., Sanders, C., & Grand, J. (2022). Ethical decision-making in the 21st century: A useful framework for industrial-organizational psychologists. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 15, 220-235.

58. Woznjy, H. Banks, G.C., Whelpley, C., Batchelor, J., & Bosco, F. (2022). Job Attitudes: A Meta-Analytic Review and an Agenda for Future Research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 43, 946-964.

2021

57. Williams, L., Banks, G. C., & Vandenberg, R. (2021). Guest editorial: ORM-CARMA Virtual feature topics for advanced review development. Organizational Research Methods, 24, 675-677.

56. Woznyj., H.M., Shanock, L.R., Heggestad, E.D., & Banks, G.C. (2021). The role of events and affect in perceived organizational support: A within-person approach. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 36, 520-532.

55. Banks, G. C., Barnes, C. M., & Jiang, K. (2021). Changing the conversation on the science-practice gap: An adherence-based approach. Journal of Management, 47, 1347-1356.

54. Banks, G. C., Whelpley, C. E., Crawford, E., O’Boyle, E. H., Kepes, S. (2021). Getting along to get ahead: The role of social context in tournament-style promotion and reward systems. PLoS ONE 16(9): e0257389. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257389

53. Banks, G. C., †Fischer, T., †Gooty, J., & Stock, G. (2021). Ethical leadership: Mapping the terrain for concept cleanup and a future research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 32. 101471 †indicates equal contributor.

52. Gooty, J., †Banks, G. C., †Loignon, A., Tonidandel, S., & Williams, C. (2021). Meta-analyses as a multi-level model. Organizational Research Methods, 24, 389-411. †indicates equal contributor. Multi-level Meta App

51. †Gotz, M., †O’Boyle, E. H., Gonzalez-Mule, E., Banks, G. C., & Bollman, S. (2021). The “goldilocks” zone: (Too) many confidence intervals in tests of mediation just exclude zero. Psychological Bulletin, 147, 95-114. †indicates equal contributor.

50. Toth, A. A., Banks, G. C., Mellor, D., O’Boyle, E. H., Dickson, A., Davis, D. J., DeHaven, A., Bochantin, J., & Borns, J. (2021). Study preregistration: An evaluation of a method for transparent reporting. Journal of Business and Psychology, 36, 553-571.

49. Whelpley, C., Banks, G.C., Bochantin, J. & Sandoval, R. (2021). Tensions on the spectrum: An inductive investigation of employee and manager experiences of autism. Journal of Business and Psychology, 36, 283-297. ABC news coverage

2020

48. Cortina, J. M., Sheng, Z., Keener, S., Keeler, K. R., Katell, L. A., Schmitt, N., Tonidandel, S., Summerville, K., Heggestad, H., & Banks, G. C. (2020). From alpha to omega and beyond!: A look at the past, present, and (possible) future of psychometric soundness in the Journal of Applied Psychology. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105, 1351-1381. Optimization App with user guide, and data available.

47. Rasmussen, L., †Hausfield, M., †Williams, C., Banks, G. C., Davis, B. (2020). Authorship policies at R1 and R2 universities: A review of missed and future opportunities. Science and Engineering Ethics, 26, 3393-3413.. †indicates equal contributor.

46. Kepes, S., Banks, G. C., Keener, S. (2020). The TOP factor: An indicator of journal quality to complement Journal Impact Factor. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 13, 328-333.

45. Köhler, T., Gonzàlez-Morales, M. G., Banks, G.C., O’Boyle, E., Allen, J., Sinha, R., Woo, S. E., Gulick, L. (2020). Supporting robust, rigorous, and reliable reviewing as the cornerstone of our profession: Introducing a competency model for peer review. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 13, 1-27.

44. †Aguinis, H., †Banks, G. C., Rogelberg, S., Cascio, W. (2020). Actionable recommendations for narrowing the science-practice gap in open science. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 158, 27-35. †indicates equal contributor.

43. Woznyj, H. M., Banks, G. C., Dunn, A. M., Berka, G., & Woehr, D. (2020). Re-introducing cognitive complexity: A meta-analysis and agenda for future research. Human Performance, 33, 1-33.

42. Miao, C., Qian, S., Banks, G.C., & Seers, A. (2020). Supervisor-subordinate guanxi: A meta-analytic review and future research agenda. Human Resource Management Review, 30, 1-16.

41. Aczel, B., Szaszi, B., Sarafoglou, A., Kekecs, Z., Kucharsky, S., Benjamin, D., Charmbers, C. D., Fisher, A., Gelman, A., Gernsbacher, M. A., Ioannidis, J. P., Johnson, E., Joans, K., Kousta, S., Lilienfeld, S. O., Lindsay, D. S., Morey, C. C., Monafo, M., Newell, B. R., Pashler, H., Shanks, D. R., Simons, D. J., Wicherts, J. M., Albarracin, D., N.D., A., Antonakis, J., Arkes, H., Back, M. D., Banks, G. C., Beevers, C., Bennett, A., Bleidorn, W., Boyer, T. W., Cacciari, C., Carter, A. S., Cesario, J., Clifton, C., Conroy, C., M., Cosci, F., Cowan, N., Crawford, J., Crone, E. A., Curtin, J., Engle, R., Farrell, S., Fearon, P., Fichman, M., Frankenhuis, W., Freund, A. M., Gaskell, M. G., Giner-Sorolla, R., Green, D. P., Lieberman, D., Logan, G. D., Hoces de la Guardia, F., Isaacowitz, D., Kolodner, J., Lieberman, D., Logan, G. D., Mendes, W. B., Moersdorf, L., Nyhan, B., Pollack, J., Sullivan, C., Vazire, S., & Wagenmakers, E. J. (2020). A consensus-based transparency checklist for social and behavioural researchers. Nature Human Behaviour, 4, 4-6.

2019

40. Heggestad, E., Scheaf, D., Banks, G. C., Hausfeld, M.M., Tonidandel, S., Williams, E. (2019). Scale adaptation in organizational science research: A review and best-practice recommendations. Journal of Management, 45, 2596-2627.

39. Banks, G. C., Field, J. G., Oswald, F. L., O’Boyle, E. H., Landis, R. S., Rupp, D. E., Rogelberg, S. G. (2019). Answers to 18 questions about open science practices. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34, 257-270.

38. O’Boyle, E. H., Banks, G. C., Carter, K., Walter, S., & Yuan, Z. (2019). A 20-year review of outcome reporting bias in moderated multiple regression. Journal of Business and Psychology, 34, 19-37.

37. Banks, G. C., Woznyj, H. M., Wesslen, R., Frear, K., Berka, G., Heggestad, E. & Gordon, H. (2019). Strategic recruitment across borders: An investigation of multinational enterprises. Journal of Management, 45, 476-509.

36. Antonakis, J., Banks, G.C., Bastardoz, N., Cole, M. S., Day, D. V., et al. (2019). The Leadership Quarterly: State of the journal. The Leadership Quarterly, 30, 1-9. (Editorial).

2018

35. Woznyj, H. M., Grenier, K., Ross, R., Banks, G. C., & Rogelberg, S. G. (2018). Results blind reviews: A masked crusader for science. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27, 561-576.

34. Hardwicke, T. E., Mathur, M., MacDonald, K., Nilsonne, G., Banks, G. C., Kidwell, M. C., . . . Tessler, M. H. (2018). Data availability, reusability, and analytic reproducibility: Evaluating the impact of a mandatory open data policy at the journal Cognition. Royal Society Open Science, 5.

33. Banks, G. C., Woznyj, H. M., Kepes, S., Batchelor, J. H., & McDaniel, M. A. (2018). A meta-analytic review of tipping compensation practices: An agency theory perspective. Personnel Psychology, 71, 457-478.

32. *Banks, G. C., Woznyj, H. M., Wesslen, R., & Ross, R. (2018). A review of best practice recommendations for text-analysis in R (and a user friendly app). Journal of Business and Psychology, 33, 445-459. *2018 Editor Commendation

31. Grand, J. A., Rogelberg, S. G., Banks, G. C., Landis, R. S., Tonidandel, S. (2018). From outcome to process focus: Fostering a more robust psychological science through registered reports and results-blind reviewing. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13, 448-456.

30. Banks, G. C., Gooty, J., Ross, R., Wiliams, C., & Harrison, N. (2018). Construct redundancy in leader behaviors: A review and agenda for the future. The Leadership Quarterly, 29, 236-251.

2017

29. Banks, G. C., †Engemann, K. E., †Williams, C. E., Gooty, J., Davis McCauley, K., & Medaugh, M. (2017). A meta-analytic review and future research agenda of charismatic leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 28, 508-529. †indicates equal contributor.

(The Leadership Quarterly/Center for Creative Leadership 1st runner up for 2017 Best Paper)

28. Harrison, J. S., Banks, G. C., Pollack, J. M., O’Boyle Jr., E. H., & Short, J. C. (2017). Publication bias in strategic management research. Journal of Management, 43, 376-399.

27. O’Boyle Jr., E.H., Banks, G.C., Gonzalez-Mule, E. (2017). The chrysalis effect: How ugly data metamorphosize into beautiful articles. Journal of Management, 43, 400-425. Wall Street Journal coverage

2016

26. Banks, G. C., Pollack, J. M., Bochantin, J. E., Kirkman, B. L., Whelpley, C. E., & O’Boyle, E. H.,  (2016). Management’s science practice gap: A grand challenge for all stakeholders. Academy of Management Journal, 59, 2205-2231.

(Academy of Management Journal: 1 of 4 2016 Best Paper Award Nominees)

25. Banks, G. C., Rogelberg, S. G., Woznyj, H. M., Landis, R. S., & Rupp, D. E. (2016). Evidence on questionable research practices: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Journal of Business and Psychology, 31, 323-338.

24. Banks, G. C., Davis McCauley, K., Gardner, W. L., & Guler, C. E. (2016). A meta-analytic review of authentic and transformational leadership: A test for redundancy. The Leadership Quarterly, 27, 634-652.

(The Leadership Quarterly/Center for Creative Leadership 2016 Best Paper Award)

23. Banks, G. C., Pollack, J. H., Seers, A. (2016). Team coordination and organizational routines: Bottoms up-and top down. Management Decisions, 54, 1059-1072.

22. Banks, G. C., O’Boyle, E. H., Pollack, J. M., White, C. D., Batchelor, J. H., et al. (2016). Questions about questionable research practices in the field of management: A guest commentary. Journal of Management, 42, 5-20.

21. Banks, G. C., Kepes, S., Joshi, M. & Seers, A. (2016). Social identity and applicant attraction: Exploring the roles of multiple levels of self. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37, 326-345.

2015

20. Nosek, B. A., Alter, G., Banks, G. C., Borsboom, D., Bowman, S. D., et al. (2015). Promoting an open research culture. Science, 348, 1422-1425.

19. Banks, G. C. & Kepes, S. (2015). The influence of strategic HRM activities on performance-related outcomes: Exploring the dynamics within the “black box.” Human Resource Management Review, 35, 352-367.

18. O’Boyle, Jr., E. H., Forsyth, D. R. Banks, G. C., White, C. & Story, P. A. (2015). A meta-analytic test of redundancy and relative importance of the Dark Triad and five factor model of personality. Journal of Personality, 83, 644-664.

17. Thundiyil, T. G., Chiaburu, D. S., Oh, I.-S., Banks, G. C., Peng, A. C. (2015). Cynical about change? A preliminary meta-analysis and future research agenda. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 51, 429-450.

2014

16. Banks, G.C., Batchelor, J.H., Seers, A., O’Boyle Jr., E., Pollack, J., & Gower, K. (2014). What does team-member exchange bring to the party? A meta-analytic review of team and leader social exchange. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35, 273–295.

15. O’Boyle Jr., E.H., Rutherford, M. & Banks, G.C. (2014). Publication bias in entrepreneurship research: An examination of dominant relations to performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 29,773-784.

2013

14. Chiaburu, D.S., Peng, A.C., Oh, I.-S., Banks, G.C., & Lomeli, L.C. (2013). Employee organizational cynicism antecedents  and outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83, 181-197.

13. O’Boyle Jr., E.H., Forsyth, D.R., Banks, G.C., & Story, P.A.  (2013). A meta-analytic review of the dark-triad-intelligence connection Journal of Research in Personality, 47, 789-794.

12. †Banks, G.C. & †O’Boyle Jr., E.H. (2013). Why we need I-O psychology to fix I-O psychology. Industrial  and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 6, 291-294. †indicates equal contributor.

11. Kepes, S., McDaniel, M.A., Brannick, M.T., & Banks, G.C. (2013). Meta-analytic reviews in the organizational sciences: Two meta-analytic schools on the way to MARS. Journal of Business and Psychology, 28, 123-142.

2012

10. †Banks, G.C., †Whelpley, C., Oh, I.-S., & Shin, K. (2012). (How) Are emotionally exhausted employees harmful? International Journal of Stress Management, 19, 198-216. †indicates equal contributor.

9. O’Boyle Jr., E., Forsyth, D.R., Banks, G.C., & McDaniel, M.A. (2012). A meta-analysis of the dark triad and work behaviors: A social exchange perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 557-579.

8. Kepes, S., Banks, G.C., & McDaniel, M.A., & Whetzel, D.L. (2012). Publication bias in the organizational sciences. Organizational Research Methods, 15, 624-662.

7. Banks, G.C., Kepes, S., & Banks, K.P. (2012). Publication bias: The antagonist of meta-analytic reviews and effective policy making. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 34, 259-277.

6. Banks, G.C., Kepes, S., & McDaniel, M.A. (2012). Publication bias: A call for improved meta-analytic practice in the organizational sciences. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 20, 182-196.

5. Kepes, S., Banks, G.C., & Oh, I-S. (2012). Avoiding bias in publication bias research: The value of null findings. Journal of Business and Psychology.

2011

4. Banks, G.C. & McDaniel, M.A. (2011). The kryptonite of evidence-based I-O psychology. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 4, 40-44.

3. McDaniel, M.A., Kepes, S., & Banks, G.C. (2011). Encouraging debate on the uniform guidelines and the disparate impact theory of discrimination. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 4, 566-570.

2. McDaniel, M.A., Kepes, S., & Banks, G.C. (2011). The uniform guidelines are a detriment to the field of personnel selection. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 4, 494-514.

2010

1. Banks, G.C., Batchelor, J.H., & McDaniel, M.A. (2010). Smarter people are (a bit) more symmetrical: A meta-analysis of the relationship between intelligence and fluctuating asymmetry. Intelligence, 38, 393-401.